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THE INTELLIGENCE TRAP BY DAVD ROBSON

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Why Brilliant People Make Foolish Decisions

Robson identifies several "traps" that specifically plague the highly intelligent:

Motivated Reasoning: Smart people are often better at using their analytical skills to retrospectively rationalize bad decisions rather than seeking the objective truth.
Earned Dogmatism: Experts can become so confident in their own specialized knowledge that they become close-minded to new evidence or feedback, believing they are entitled to be right.
Bias Blind Spot: Intelligent individuals are often better at identifying flaws in others' logic while remaining completely blind to their own cognitive biases.
Dysrationalia: This is a documented "mismatch" where a person can score exceptionally high on an IQ test while scoring poorly on measures of rational thinking and real-world decision-making.

The Key Concepts for Wiser Thinking

To escape these traps, Robson provides a "cognitive toolkit" based on behavioral science:

Intellectual Humility: The conscious recognition that your knowledge is limited and that you are susceptible to error. This is the primary antidote to overconfidence.
Moral Algebra: A decision-making technique used by Benjamin Franklin where you assign values to pros and cons and wait several days to see if your emotional state changes before deciding.
Self-Distancing: Describing your problems in the third person or imagining you are watching your situation as a movie. This reduces "hot" emotions and allows for more objective analysis.
Pre-Mortems: Before making a major decision, imagine that it has already failed and work backward to identify all the possible reasons why. This helps unearth hidden risks.
Functional Stupidity: In organizations, this occurs when smart employees are incentivized not to think critically or challenge the status quo to maintain harmony or please a leader.
Evidence-Based Wisdom: A focus on "Active Open-Mindedness"—not just tolerating opposing views, but deliberately seeking them out to stress-test your own beliefs.